Except as provided in this Act, every New Zealand citizen is entitled as of right to a New Zealand passport.

(1) Except as provided in this section and section 4A, the Minister shall issue a New Zealand passport to every New Zealand citizen who makes an application, or on whose behalf an application is made, for a New Zealand passport.

(2) Every such application shall be made to the Minister in the form provided by the Secretary.

(3) The Minister may refuse to issue a New Zealand passport in any of the following cases:

• (a) Where the applicant has not attained the age of 16 years and has not produced the written consent of one of his or her parents or guardians to the issue of a passport to him or her:

• (b) Where—

  • (i) There is in force a warrant issued in New Zealand for the arrest of the applicant; or

  • (ii) the applicant is on bail or is subject to a community-based sentence under subpart 2 of Part 2 of the Sentencing Act 2002 or is released under subpart 2 of Part 1 of the Parole Act 2002; or

  • (iii) the applicant is required by an order made by a New Zealand court to refrain from obtaining a passport or to surrender a passport; or

  • (iv) the applicant is subject to an order made by a New Zealand court that requires the applicant, or the effect of which requires the applicant, to remain in New Zealand; or

  • (v) the applicant is subject to a sentence imposed by a New Zealand court, the effect of which requires the applicant to remain in New Zealand:

• (c) Where the applicant already holds a New Zealand passport and there is no sufficient reason why another passport should be issued to him or her.

• (d) if the applicant holds a New Zealand travel document, and (whether or not it has been recalled under this Act) refuses to surrender it.

(4) The Minister must refuse to issue a New Zealand passport if an order made under section 32A in respect of the applicant has not expired.

(1) The Minister may refuse to issue a New Zealand passport to a person if the Minister believes on reasonable grounds that—

• (a) the person is a danger to the security of New Zealand because the person intends to engage in, or facilitate,—

  • (i) a terrorist act within the meaning of section 5 of the Terrorism Suppression Act 2002; or

  • (ii) the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction; or

  • (iii) any unlawful activity designed or likely to cause devastating or serious economic damage to New Zealand, carried out for purposes of commercial or economic gain; and

• (b) the danger to the security of New Zealand cannot be effectively averted by other means; and

• (c) the refusal to issue a passport will prevent or effectively impede the ability of the person to carry out the intended action.

(2) If the Minister refuses to issue a passport under this section,—

• (a) the Minister must notify the person in writing of the refusal, and the reasons for it; and

• (b) the person is not entitled to obtain a New Zealand passport during the 12-month period starting with the date of the notice, unless the Minister's decision under this section is revoked by the Minister or by a court.

(3) The Minister may, at any time before the expiry of the 12-month period referred to in subsection (2)(b), apply to a Judge of the High Court for an order to extend for a further period not exceeding 12 months the period during which the person is not entitled to obtain a New Zealand passport.

(4) The Judge must make the order applied for if satisfied that—

• (a) the information presented in support of the application is credible, having regard to its source or sources; and

• (b) the information reasonably supports a finding that paragraphs (a), (b), and (c) of subsection (1) still apply in relation to the person concerned.

(1) Subject to subsections (1A) and (2), every New Zealand passport is valid for 5 years from the date of issue, unless sooner cancelled under this Act.

(1A) Despite subsection (1),—

• (a) a New Zealand passport issued before the date of commencement of this section continues to be valid for the period for which it was issued, unless sooner cancelled under this Act:

• (b) a New Zealand passport applied for before that commencement date must be issued in accordance with section 5(1) and s(2) of the principal Act as in force before that date, and continues to be valid for the period for which it was issued unless sooner cancelled under this Act.

(2) Notwithstanding subsection (1) of this section, the Minister may, in any particular case, if satisfied that good reasons exist and that it would be in the interests of the proper administration of this Act to do so, determine that any New Zealand passport shall be issued for a period shorter than that stated in that subsection.

(1) No New Zealand passport that was issued for a term of 5 years or more may be renewed.

(2) On the application of the holder of a New Zealand passport that was issued for a term of less than 5 years, the Minister may from time to time renew that passport, but so that the original period for which the passport was issued plus the renewed period does not exceed 5 years.

(3) Subject to section 4(3) of this Act, in any case where the Minister refuses to renew a passport under subsection (2) of this section, the Minister shall, on the application of the holder of that passport, issue another New Zealand passport to replace that passport.

(1) The Minister may, by notice in writing, recall any New Zealand passport, and cancel it or retain possession of it, in any of the following cases:

• (a) Where the holder has not attained the age of 16 years and the parent or guardian who gave his or her consent to the issue of the passport has written to the Minister withdrawing that consent; or

• (b) Where the passport was issued to the holder in the mistaken belief that the holder was, at the time of issue, a New Zealand citizen; or

• (c) [Repealed]

• (d) Where the holder has renounced New Zealand citizenship under section 15 of the Citizenship Act 1977; or

• (e) Where the holder has been deprived of New Zealand citizenship under section 16 or section 17 of the Citizenship Act 1977; or

• (f) Where 2 or more valid New Zealand passports are in existence in respect of the holder and there is no longer any sufficient reason why that should continue to be the case.

(2) [Repealed]

(1) The Minister may, by notice in writing, recall any New Zealand passport, and cancel it or retain possession of it, if the Minister believes on reasonable grounds that—

• (a) the person is a danger to the security of New Zealand because the person intends to engage in, or facilitate,—

  • (i) a terrorist act within the meaning of section 5 of the Terrorism Suppression Act 2002; or

  • (ii) the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction; or

  • (iii) any unlawful activity designed or likely to cause devastating or serious economic damage to New Zealand, carried out for purposes of commercial or economic gain; and

• (b) the danger to the security of New Zealand cannot be effectively averted by other means; and

• (c) the cancellation of the passport, or its retention by the Minister, will prevent or effectively impede the ability of the person to carry out the intended action.

(2) If the Minister cancels or retains possession of a passport under this section,—

• (a) the Minister must notify the person in writing of the cancellation or retention, and the reasons for it; and

• (b) the person is not entitled to obtain that passport or another New Zealand passport during the 12-month period starting with the date of the notice, unless the Minister's decision under this section is revoked by the Minister or by a court.

(3) The Minister may, at any time before the expiry of the 12-month period referred to in subsection (2)(b), apply to a Judge of the High Court for an order to extend for a further period not exceeding 12 months the period during which the person is not entitled to obtain the passport or another New Zealand passport.

(4) The Judge must make the order applied for if satisfied that—

• (a) the information presented in support of the application is credible, having regard to its source or sources; and

• (b) the information reasonably supports a finding that paragraphs (a), (b), and (c) of subsection (1) still apply in relation to the person concerned.

(1) The Minister may, by notice in writing, recall any New Zealand passport, and cancel it or retain possession of it, where—

• (a) It is produced in support of an application for the issue of another passport in substitution for the first one; or

• (b) It has expired and is incapable of being renewed; or

• (c) It has been so damaged or defaced as to render it, in the opinion of the Minister, unsuitable for use; or

• (d) There is reasonable cause to believe that particulars recorded in it are incorrect ; or

• (e) There is reasonable cause to believe that the passport, or any renewal or endorsement of the passport, has been obtained by means of any false representation or any statement that is false in a material particular.

(2) Subject to sections 3 and 4 of this Act, where the Minister retains or cancels a passport under this section, the Minister shall, on the application of the holder of that passport, issue, as soon as practicable, another New Zealand passport to replace that passport.

The Minister must recall a New Zealand passport by notice in writing, and cancel it, if an order that it must be cancelled is made under section 32A.

(1) The Minister may, by notice in writing, recall any New Zealand passport and retain possession of it—

• (a) Where there is in force a warrant issued in New Zealand for the arrest of the holder:

• (b) Where there is reasonable cause to believe—

  • (i) That the passport is in the wrongful possession of any person other than the holder; or

  • (ii) That the passport is in the possession of a person who is not the holder, as a security, pledge, or deposit or other encumbrance entered into in contravention of section 33(3) of this Act.

(2) Where the Minister has recalled a passport under subsection (1)(a) of this section, the Minister shall return that passport to the holder as soon as practicable after the warrant is executed or withdrawn.

(3) Where the Minister has recalled a passport under subsection (1)(b) of this section, the Minister shall, unless the holder has been issued with a new passport, forthwith return that passport to the holder.

(1) Where the Minister recalls any passport under any of sections 8 to 10 of this Act, the holder or other person who has the passport in his or her possession or under his or her control shall, on demand by an officer, deliver the passport to the officer.

(2) Every person commits an offence against this Act who knowingly fails without reasonable excuse to comply with subsection (1) of this section.

(1) Where the Minister gives a notice pursuant to section 19(1) of the Citizenship Act 1977 to the holder of a New Zealand passport of his or her intention to make an order under section 16 or section 17 of that Act depriving that person of New Zealand citizenship, the Minister may give a notice to that person requiring the surrender of any New Zealand passport which that person holds.

(2) The Minister shall be entitled to retain possession of any such surrendered passport until whichever is the sooner of—

• (a) The expiry of 12 months from the date on which the passport is surrendered, or the expiry of any extension of that time in accordance with section 14 of this Act; or

• (b) The conclusion of the proceedings for deprivation of New Zealand citizenship.

(3) Every such notice shall inform the person on whom it is served—

• (a) Of the effect of subsection (2) of this section; and

• (b) That the person is entitled, on application to the Minister in the form provided by the Secretary, to a temporary New Zealand passport in accordance with section 13 of this Act.

(4) Where the Minister requires the surrender of a passport under this section, the holder or other person who has the passport in his or her possession or under his or her control shall, on demand by an officer, surrender the passport to the officer.

(5) Every person commits an offence against this Act who knowingly fails without reasonable excuse to comply with subsection (4) of this section.

(1) Every person who has surrendered a passport under section 12 of this Act shall be entitled, on application to the Minister in the form provided by the Secretary, to a temporary New Zealand passport unless the surrendered passport has sooner expired or been cancelled or returned.

(2) Every temporary New Zealand passport shall be valid for 6 months from the date of issue, unless it is sooner cancelled under this Act.

(3) Subject to section 4(3) of this Act, at the expiry of a temporary New Zealand passport, the Minister shall issue another temporary New Zealand passport to the holder unless the surrendered passport has been sooner returned or a new passport has been issued.

(4) No fee shall be payable in respect of any application for, or upon the issue of, any temporary New Zealand passport under this section.

(1) Where the Minister has required the surrender of a New Zealand passport under section 12 of this Act, the Minister may, at any time before the expiry of 12 months from the date on which the passport was surrendered, apply to the High Court for an order extending the time during which the Minister may retain the surrendered passport.

(2) Any such extension granted by the High Court shall be for a period of 6 months.

(3) The Minister may reapply for another extension at any time before the current extension expires.

(4) The High Court shall decline any application for a second or subsequent extension unless satisfied that there is good reason why the passport has not been returned by the time of the application.

(5) Where an application for an extension has been made by the Minister, but has not been determined by the date on which the Minister is required to return the passport due to lapse of time, an extension shall be deemed to have been granted until such time as the Court determines the application.

(1) The Minister shall return a surrendered passport to the holder as soon as—

• (a) A declaration is made under section 19(2) of the Citizenship Act 1977 that there are insufficient grounds to justify the making of an order under section 16 or section 17 of that Act to deprive the person by whom the passport was surrendered of New Zealand citizenship; or

• (b) The Minister is no longer entitled to retain possession of the passport under section 12(2) of this Act,—

whichever first occurs.

(2) Where the Minister returns a surrendered passport under this section, the holder or other person who has any temporary passport in his or her possession or under his or her control shall, on demand by an officer, deliver the temporary passport to the officer.

(3) Every person commits an offence against this Act who knowingly fails without reasonable excuse to comply with subsection (2) of this section.

(4) Nothing in this section shall apply if the surrendered passport has sooner expired.

The Minister may issue a certificate of identity to any person, not being a New Zealand citizen, if the Minister is satisfied that the person is unable for any reason to obtain a travel document from the Government or other appropriate authority in the country of his or her nationality.

A certificate of identity shall be valid for 4 years or such shorter time as the Minister may determine in a particular case.

(1) No certificate of identity that was issued for a term of 4 years may be renewed.

(2) On the application of the holder of a certificate of identity that was issued for a term of less than 4 years, the Minister may from time to time renew that certificate, but so that the original period for which the certificate was issued plus the renewed period does not exceed 4 years.

(3) Subject to section 16 of this Act, in any case where the Minister refuses to renew a certificate under subsection (2) of this section, the Minister may, on the application of the holder of that certificate, issue another certificate of identity to replace that certificate.

(1) The Minister may, by notice in writing, recall any certificate of identity issued to any person by or on behalf of the Government of New Zealand, and cancel it or retain possession of it, where—

• (a) The Minister issues to the holder another certificate of identity in substitution for the first one; or

• (b) The certificate has expired and is incapable of being renewed; or

• (c) The certificate has been so damaged or defaced as to render it, in the opinion of the Minister, unsuitable for use; or

• (d) There is reasonable cause to believe that any particulars recorded in it are incorrect; or

• (e) There is reasonable cause to believe that the certificate of identity has been obtained by means of any false representation or any statement that is false in a material particular; or

• (f) Two or more valid certificates of identity are in existence in respect of the holder and there is no longer any sufficient reason why that should continue to be the case.

• (g) a New Zealand passport has been issued to the person.

(2) Subject to section 16 of this Act, where the Minister retains or cancels a certificate of identity under any of paragraphs (b) to (e) of subsection (1) of this section, the Minister may, on the application of the holder of the certificate, issue another certificate of identity to replace that certificate.

(1) The Minister may, by notice in writing, recall any certificate of identity issued to any person by or on behalf of the New Zealand Government, and cancel it or retain possession of it, if the Minister believes on reasonable grounds that—

• (a) the person is a danger to the security of New Zealand because the person intends to engage in, or facilitate,—

  • (i) a terrorist act within the meaning of section 5 of the Terrorism Suppression Act 2002; or

  • (ii) the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction; or

  • (iii) any unlawful activity designed or likely to cause devastating or serious economic damage to New Zealand, carried out for purposes of commercial or economic gain; and

• (b) the danger to the security of New Zealand cannot be effectively averted by other means; and

• (c) the cancellation of the certificate of identity, or its retention by the Minister, will prevent or effectively impede the ability of the person to carry out the intended action.

(2) If the Minister cancels or retains possession of a certificate of identity under this section,—

• (a) the Minister must notify the person in writing of the cancellation or retention, and the reasons for it; and

• (b) the person is not entitled to obtain that certificate of identity or another New Zealand travel document during the 12-month period starting with the date of the notice, unless the Minister's decision under this section is revoked by the Minister or by a court.

(3) The Minister may, at any time before the expiry of the 12-month period referred to in subsection (2)(b), apply to a Judge of the High Court for an order to extend for a further period not exceeding 12 months the period during which the person is not entitled to obtain the certificate of identity or another New Zealand travel document.

(4) The Judge must make the order applied for if satisfied that—

• (a) the information presented in support of the application is credible, having regard to its source or sources; and

• (b) the information reasonably supports a finding that paragraphs (a), (b), and (c) of subsection (1) still apply in relation to the person concerned.

(1) The Minister may, by notice in writing, recall any certificate of identity issued to any person by or on behalf of the Government of New Zealand, and retain possession of it—

• (a) Where there is in force a warrant issued in New Zealand for the arrest of the holder:

• (b) Where there is reasonable cause to believe—

  • (i) That the certificate of identity is in the wrongful possession of any person other than the holder; or

  • (ii) That the certificate of identity is in the possession of a person who is not the holder, as a security, pledge, or deposit or other encumbrance entered into in contravention of section 33(3) of this Act.

(2) Where the Minister has recalled a certificate of identity under subsection (1)(a) of this section, the Minister shall return that certificate to the holder as soon as practicable after the warrant is executed or withdrawn.

(3) Where the Minister has recalled a certificate of identity under subsection (1)(b) of this section, the Minister shall, unless the holder has been issued with a new certificate, forthwith return that certificate to the holder.

(1) Where the Minister recalls any certificate of identity under section 20 or section 20A or section 21 of this Act, the holder or other person who has the certificate in his or her possession or under his or her control shall, on demand by an officer, deliver the certificate to the officer.

(2) Every person commits an offence against this Act who knowingly fails without reasonable excuse to comply with subsection (1) of this section.

(1) The Minister may, on application to the Minister in the form provided by the Secretary, issue an emergency travel document to any person where—

• (a) There is reasonable cause to believe that the person is or may be a New Zealand citizen; and

• (b) There is reasonable cause to believe that—

  • (i) The person's passport has been lost or stolen or destroyed or is temporarily unavailable; or

  • (ia) the person does not hold a valid travel document; or

  • (ii) The person has applied for the issue of a passport and cannot supply sufficient evidence of New Zealand citizenship; or

  • (iii) An emergency has affected the availability of the information necessary to ascertain whether or not that person is already the holder of a New Zealand passport; and

• (c) The person wishes to travel immediately, but, for reasons of passport security and integrity, the Minister considers that it is not desirable to issue that person with a passport.

(2) The Minister may, on application to the Minister in the form provided by the Secretary, issue an emergency travel document to a person—

• (a) who wishes to travel immediately; but

• (b) in respect of whom an order under section 32A is in force.

(3) The Minister must issue a journey-specific emergency travel document to a person outside New Zealand if—

• (a) the person has been refused a passport under section 4A, or has had his or her passport or emergency travel document cancelled under section 8A or section 25A; and

• (b) the journey-specific emergency travel document is necessary to enable the person to return or come to New Zealand; and

• (c) the person applies in that behalf to the Minister in the form provided by the Secretary.

An emergency travel document is valid for—

• (a) such time as, in the opinion of the Minister, will be sufficient to enable the person to leave and return to New Zealand, or to return to New Zealand, or to complete a specified journey, as the case may require; or

• (b) such other period as the Minister from time to time determines.

(1) The Minister may, by notice in writing, recall any emergency travel document, and cancel it or retain possession of it, where—

• (a) The Minister issues to the holder a passport; or

• (b) The Minister issues to the holder another emergency travel document in substitution for the first one; or

• (c) It has expired; or

• (d) It has been so damaged or defaced as to render it, in the opinion of the Minister, unsuitable for use; or

• (e) There is reasonable cause to believe that any particulars recorded in it are incorrect; or

• (f) There is reasonable cause to believe that it has been obtained by means of any false statement or any statement that is false in a material particular; or

• (g) Two or more valid New Zealand emergency travel documents are in existence in respect of the holder and there is no longer any sufficient reason why that should continue to be the case.

(2) Subject to section 23 of this Act, where the Minister retains or cancels an emergency travel document under any of paragraphs (c) to (f) of subsection (1) of this section, the Minister may, on the application of the holder of the document, issue another document to replace that document.

(1) The Minister may, by notice in writing, recall any emergency travel document (other than a journey-specific emergency travel document issued under section 23(3)), and cancel it or retain possession of it, if the Minister believes on reasonable grounds that—

• (a) the person is a danger to the security of New Zealand because the person intends to engage in, or facilitate,—

  • (i) a terrorist act within the meaning of section 5 of the Terrorism Suppression Act 2002; or

  • (ii) the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction; or

  • (iii) any unlawful activity designed or likely to cause devastating or serious economic damage to New Zealand, carried out for purposes of commercial or economic gain; and

• (b) the danger to the security of New Zealand cannot be effectively averted by other means; and

• (c) the cancellation of the emergency travel document, or its retention by the Minister, will prevent or effectively impede the ability of the person to carry out the intended action.

(2) If the Minister cancels or retains possession of an emergency travel document under this section,—

• (a) the Minister must notify the person in writing of the cancellation or retention, and the reasons for it; and

• (b) the person is not entitled to obtain that emergency travel document or another New Zealand travel document (other than a journey-specific emergency travel document issued under section 23(3)) during the 12-month period starting with the date of the notice, unless the Minister's decision under this section is revoked by the Minister or by a court.

(3) The Minister may, at any time before the expiry of the 12-month period referred to in subsection (2)(b), apply to a Judge of the High Court for an order to extend for a further period not exceeding 12 months the period during which the person is not entitled to obtain the emergency travel document or another New Zealand travel document.

(4) The Judge must make the order applied for if satisfied that—

• (a) the information presented in support of the application is credible, having regard to its source or sources; and

• (b) the information reasonably supports a finding that paragraphs (a), (b), and (c) of subsection (1) still apply in relation to the person concerned.

(1) The Minister may, by notice in writing, recall any emergency travel document, and retain possession of it—

• (a) Where there is in force a warrant issued in New Zealand for the arrest of the holder:

• (b) Where there is reasonable cause to believe—

  • (i) That it is in the wrongful possession of any person other than the holder; or

  • (ii) That it is in the possession of a person not the holder, and is used as a security, pledge, or deposit or other encumbrance in contravention of section 33(3) of this Act.

(2) Where the Minister has recalled an emergency travel document under subsection (1)(a) of this section, the Minister shall return that document to the holder as soon as practicable after the warrant is executed or withdrawn.

(3) Where the Minister has recalled an emergency travel document under subsection (1)(b) of this section, the Minister shall, unless the holder has been issued with a new document, forthwith return that document to the holder.

(1) Where the Minister recalls any emergency travel document under section 25 or section 25A or section 26 of this Act, the holder or other person who has the document in his or her possession or under his or her control shall, on demand by an officer, deliver the document to the officer.

(2) Every person commits an offence against this Act who knowingly fails without reasonable excuse to comply with subsection (1) of this section.

(1) Subject to this section and section 27B, the Minister must issue a New Zealand refugee travel document to a refugee living in New Zealand who applies in that behalf in the form provided by the Secretary.

(2) The Minister may refuse to issue a New Zealand refugee travel document to an applicant if—

• (a) the applicant is a New Zealand citizen; or

• (b) the applicant already has a valid New Zealand refugee travel document; or

• (c) there is in force a warrant issued in New Zealand for the applicant's arrest; or

• (d) the applicant is—

  • (i) on bail; or

  • (ii) subject to a community-based sentence under the Sentencing Act 2002; or

  • (iii) released under subpart 2 of Part 1 of the Parole Act 2002; or

  • (iv) 

• (e) the applicant is subject to—

  • (i) an order made by a New Zealand court that requires the applicant to remain in New Zealand, or the effect of which requires the applicant to remain in New Zealand; or

  • (ii) a sentence imposed by a New Zealand court, the effect of which requires the applicant to remain in New Zealand.

(1) The Minister may refuse to issue a New Zealand refugee travel document to a person if the Minister believes on reasonable grounds that—

• (a) the person is a danger to the security of New Zealand because the person intends to engage in, or facilitate,—

  • (i) a terrorist act within the meaning of section 5 of the Terrorism Suppression Act 2002; or

  • (ii) the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction; or

  • (iii) any unlawful activity designed or likely to cause devastating or serious economic damage to New Zealand, carried out for purposes of commercial or economic gain; and

• (b) the danger to the security of New Zealand cannot be effectively averted by other means; and

• (c) the refusal to issue a refugee travel document will prevent or effectively impede the ability of the person to carry out the intended action.

(2) If the Minister refuses to issue a refugee travel document under this section,—

• (a) the Minister must notify the person in writing of the refusal, and the reasons for it; and

• (b) the person is not entitled to obtain a New Zealand refugee travel document during the 12-month period starting with the date of the notice, unless the Minister's decision under this section is revoked by the Minister or by a court.

(3) The Minister may, at any time before the expiry of the 12-month period referred to in subsection (2)(b), apply to a Judge of the High Court for an order to extend for a further period not exceeding 12 months the period during which the person is not entitled to obtain a New Zealand refugee travel document.

(4) The Judge must make the order applied for if satisfied that—

• (a) the information presented in support of the application is credible, having regard to its source or sources; and

• (b) the information reasonably supports a finding that paragraphs (a), (b) and (c) of subsection (1) still apply in relation to the person concerned.

(1) A New Zealand refugee travel document is valid for 2 years, unless sooner cancelled under this Act.

(2) A New Zealand refugee travel document may on application be renewed, once only, for a further period not exceeding 2 years.

(1) The Minister may, by notice in writing, recall any New Zealand refugee travel document, and cancel it or retain possession of it, where—

• (a) the Minister issues to the holder another refugee travel document in substitution for the first one; or

• (b) the document has expired and is incapable of being renewed; or

• (c) the document has been so damaged or defaced as to render it, in the opinion of the Minister, unsuitable for use; or

• (d) there is reasonable cause to believe that any particulars recorded in it are incorrect; or

• (e) there is reasonable cause to believe that the document has been obtained by means of a false representation or a statement that is false in a material particular; or

• (f) two or more valid New Zealand refugee travel documents are in existence in respect of the holder and there is no longer any sufficient reason why that should continue to be the case; or

• (g) a New Zealand passport has been issued to the person; or

• (h) the holder is no longer recognised as being a refugee; or

• (i) the document was issued to the holder in the mistaken belief that the holder was, at the time of issue, a refugee.

(2) Subject to section 27A, where the Minister retains or cancels a refugee travel document under any of paragraphs (b) to (e) of subsection (1), the Minister may, on the application of the document's holder, issue another refugee travel document to replace that document.

(1) The Minister may, by notice in writing, recall any New Zealand refugee travel document, and cancel it or retain possession of it, if the Minister believes on reasonable grounds that—

• (a) the person is a danger to the security of New Zealand because the person intends to engage in, or facilitate,—

  • (i) a terrorist act within the meaning of section 5 of the Terrorism Suppression Act 2002; or

  • (ii) the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction; or

  • (iii) any unlawful activity designed or likely to cause devastating or serious economic damage to New Zealand, carried out for purposes of commercial or economic gain; and

• (b) the danger to the security of New Zealand cannot be effectively averted by other means; and

• (c) the cancellation of the refugee travel document, or its retention by the Minister, will prevent or effectively impede the ability of the person to carry out the intended action.

(2) If the Minister cancels or retains possession of a refugee travel document under this section,—

• (a) the Minister must notify the person in writing of the cancellation or retention, and the reasons for it; and

• (b) the person is not entitled to obtain that refugee travel document or another New Zealand refugee travel document during the 12-month period starting with the date of the notice, unless the Minister's decision under this section is revoked by the Minister or by a court.

(3) The Minister may, at any time before the expiry of the 12-month period referred to in subsection (2)(b), apply to a Judge of the High Court for an order to extend for a further period not exceeding 12 months the period during which the person is not entitled to obtain the refugee travel document or another New Zealand refugee travel document.

(4) The Judge must make the order applied for if satisfied that—

• (a) the information presented in support of the application is credible, having regard to its source or sources; and

• (b) the information reasonably supports a finding that paragraphs (a), (b), and (c) of subsection (1) still apply in relation to the person concerned.

(5) Nothing in this section authorises the Minister to cancel a New Zealand refugee travel document at a time when its holder is outside New Zealand.

(1) The Minister may, by notice in writing, recall any New Zealand refugee travel document, and retain possession of it,—

• (a) if there is in force a warrant issued in New Zealand for the arrest of the holder:

• (b) if there is reasonable cause to believe—

  • (i) that the refugee travel document is in the wrongful possession of any person other than the holder; or

  • (ii) that the refugee travel document is in the possession of a person who is not the holder, as security, pledge, or deposit or other encumbrance entered into in contravention of section 33(3).

(2) Where the Minister has recalled a refugee travel document under subsection (1)(a), the Minister must return that document to the holder as soon as practicable after the warrant is executed or withdrawn.

(3) Where the Minister has recalled a refugee travel document under subsection (1)(b), the Minister must, unless the holder has been issued with a new document, forthwith return that document to the holder.

(1) Where the Minister recalls any refugee travel document under section 27D or section 27E or section 27F, the holder or other person who has the document in his or her possession or under his or her control must, on demand by an officer, deliver the document to the officer.

(2) Every person commits an offence against this Act who knowingly fails without reasonable excuse to comply with subsection (1).

(1) Every person who, being—

• (a) the applicant for the issue or renewal of a New Zealand travel document; or

• (b) the holder of a New Zealand travel document,—

is dissatisfied with any decision of the Minister made in relation to the application or document under Part 1 may appeal to the High Court against that decision.

(2) Every appeal under this section shall be filed within 28 days after the date on which notice of the decision that is the subject of the appeal has been received by the person seeking to bring the appeal, or within such extended time as the Court may allow.

(3) On any appeal under this section, the Court may confirm, modify, or quash the decision that is the subject of the appeal, and may give all such directions (if any) to the Minister or any other person concerned as may be necessary to give effect to the Court's decision.

(4) Where the appeal relates to a matter within the discretion of the Minister, the Court may substitute its own discretion for that of the Minister.

(5) Subject to this section, the procedure in respect of any appeal under this section shall be in accordance with rules of Court.

(5A) This section is subject to sections 29AA to 29AC in the case of an appeal against a decision of the Minister to refuse to issue a New Zealand travel document, or to cancel or retain a New Zealand travel document, on grounds of national security.

(6) Except as provided in section 29 of this Act, every decision of the Court on an appeal under this section shall be final.

(1) Any party to an appeal before the High Court under section 28 of this Act who is dissatisfied with any decision of the Court may, with the leave of the Court, or if that Court refuses leave, with the leave of the Court of Appeal, appeal to the Court of Appeal.

(1A) Any party who is dissatisfied with any decision of the High Court to issue an order extending the period for which a person is not entitled to obtain a New Zealand travel document under any of sections 4A(4), 8A(4), 20A(4), 25A(4), 27B(4), and 27E(4) may, with the leave of the Court, or, if the Court refuses leave, with the leave of the Court of Appeal, appeal to the Court of Appeal.

(2) On any appeal under this section, the Court of Appeal shall have the same powers as are conferred on the High Court by subsections (3) and (4) of section 28 of this Act in respect of appeals under that section.

(3) Subject to this section, the procedure in respect of any appeal under this section shall be in accordance with rules of Court.

(3A) This section is subject to sections 29AA to 29AC in the case of an appeal relating to—

• (a) a decision of the Minister to refuse to issue a New Zealand travel document, or to cancel or retain a New Zealand travel document, on grounds of national security; or

• (b) a decision of the High Court to issue an order extending the period for which a person is not entitled to obtain a New Zealand travel document under any of sections 4A(4), 8A(4), 20A(4), 25A(4), 27B(4), and 27E(4).

(4) Every decision of the Court of Appeal on an appeal under this section shall be final.

(1) This section applies to the following proceedings:

• (a) any application to the High Court by the Minister under section 4A(3), section 8A(3), section 20A(3), section 25A(3), section 27B(3), or section 27E(3) for an order extending the period during which a person is not entitled to obtain a New Zealand travel document, and any appeal under section 29(1A) against such an order:

• (b) any appeal under section 28 or section 29 relating to a decision of the Minister under any of sections 4A, 8A, 20A, 25A, 27B, and 27E to refuse to issue a New Zealand passport or refugee travel document, or to cancel or retain a New Zealand travel document:

• (c) any appeal under section 28 or section 29 relating to a decision of the Minister to refuse to issue a certificate of identity under section 16 or an emergency travel document under section 23, where the Minister certifies that the refusal was based on a belief on reasonable grounds that—

  • (i) the person was a danger to the security of New Zealand because the person intended to engage in or facilitate an action or matter of a kind described in section 4A(1)(a); and

  • (ii) the danger to the security of New Zealand could not be effectively averted by other means; and

  • (iii) the refusal to issue the certificate of identity or emergency travel document would prevent or effectively impede the ability of the person to carry out the intended action.

(2) In hearing an appeal to which this section applies, the Court must determine whether—

• (a) the information that led to the decision is credible, having regard to its source or sources; and

• (b) the information reasonably supports a finding that—

  • (i) the person concerned is a danger to the security of New Zealand because the person intends to engage in, or facilitate, an action or matter of a kind referred to in sections 4A(1)(a), 8A(1)(a), 20A(1)(a), 25A(1)(a), 27B(1)(a), and 27E(1)(a); and

  • (ii) the refusal to issue the New Zealand travel document concerned, or to cancel or retain the New Zealand travel document, will prevent or effectively impede the ability of the person to carry out or facilitate the action or matter concerned; and

  • (iii) the danger to the security of New Zealand cannot be effectively averted by other means.

(3) Where the appeal relates to a matter within the discretion of the Minister, the Court may substitute its own discretion for that of the Minister.

(4) If information presented or proposed to be presented in proceedings to which this section applies includes classified security information, then section 29AB applies.

(5) In this section and sections 29AB and 29AC, classified security information means information—

• (a) relevant to whether there are or may be grounds for believing that—

  • (i) the person concerned is a danger to the security of New Zealand because the person intends to engage in or facilitate, an action or matter of a kind referred to in sections 4A(1)(a), 8A(1)(a), 20A(1)(a), 25A(1)(a), 27B(1)(a), and 27E(1)(a); or

  • (ii) a refusal to issue the New Zealand travel document concerned, or to cancel or retain the New Zealand travel document concerned, will prevent or effectively impede the ability of the person to carry out or facilitate the action or matter concerned; or

  • (iii) the danger to the security of New Zealand cannot be effectively averted by other means; and

• (b) held by an intelligence and security agency (as defined in section 4(1) of the Terrorism Suppression Act 2002) or by the New Zealand Police; and

• (c) that the head of the specified agency, or the New Zealand Police, certifies in writing cannot be disclosed except to the extent provided in section 29AB because, in the opinion of the head of the specified agency,—

  • (i) the information is information of a kind specified in subsection (6); and

  • (ii) disclosure of the information would be disclosure of a kind specified in subsection (7).

(6) Information falls within subsection (5)(c)(i) if it—

• (a) might lead to the identification of, or provide details of, the source of the information, the nature, content, or scope of the information, or the nature or type of the assistance or operational methods available to the agency or the police; or

• (b) is about particular operations that have been undertaken, or are being or are proposed to be undertaken, in pursuance of any of the functions of the agency or the police; or

• (c) has been provided to the agency or the police by the government of another country or by an agency of a government of another country or by an international organisation, and is information that cannot be disclosed by the agency or the police because the government or agency or organisation by which the information has been provided will not consent to the disclosure.

(7) Disclosure of information falls within subsection (5)(c)(ii) if the disclosure would be likely—

• (a) to prejudice the security or defence of New Zealand or the international relations of the Government of New Zealand; or

• (b) to prejudice the entrusting of information to the Government of New Zealand on a basis of confidence by the government of another country or any agency of such a government, or by any international organisation; or

• (c) to prejudice the maintenance of the law, including the prevention, investigation, and detection of offences, and the right to a fair trial; or

• (d) to endanger the safety of any person.

(1) If information presented or proposed to be presented by the Crown in any proceedings to which section 29AA applies includes classified security information, the Court must, on a request for the purpose by the Attorney-General and if satisfied that it is desirable to do so for the protection of (either all or part of) the classified security information, receive or hear (the part or all of) the classified security information in the absence of—

• (a) the person in respect of whom the decision concerned was made; and

• (b) all barristers or solicitors (if any) representing that person; and

• (c) members of the public.

(2) Without limiting subsection (1),—

• (a) the Court must approve a summary of the information of the kind referred to in section 29AA(5) that is presented by the Attorney-General except to the extent that a summary of any particular part of the information would itself involve disclosure that would be likely to prejudice the interests referred to in section 29AA(6) or (7); and

• (b) on being approved by the Court (with or without amendments directed by the Court in accordance with paragraph (a)), a copy of the statement must be given to the person concerned.

(3) The Court—

• (a) may give any directions and make any orders that the Court thinks appropriate in the circumstances of the case:

• (b) must determine the application or appeal on the basis of information available to the Court, whether or not that information has been disclosed to or responded to by all parties to the proceedings.

(4) Nothing in this section limits section 27 of the Crown Proceedings Act 1950 or any rule of law that authorises or requires the withholding of a document or the refusal to answer a question on the ground that the disclosure of the document or the answering of the question would be injurious to the public interest.

(5) This section applies despite any enactment or rule of law to the contrary.

(1) Any general practices and procedures that may be necessary to implement the procedures specified in section 29AB and to ensure that classified security information is protected in all proceedings to which that section relates must be agreed between the Chief Justice and the Attorney-General as soon as practicable after the commencement of this section, and revised from time to time.

(2) Without limiting the generality of subsection (1), general practices and procedures may be agreed under that subsection on the following matters:

• (a) measures relating to the physical protection of the information during all proceedings to which section 29AB relates:

• (b) the manner in which the information may be provided to the Court:

• (c) measures to preserve the integrity of the information until any appeals are withdrawn or finally determined.

(1) Every person commits an offence who—

• (a) forges a New Zealand travel document; or

• (b) knowing a document to be a forged or false New Zealand travel document, without reasonable excuse,—

  • (i) uses, deals with, or acts upon it as if it were genuine; or

  • (ii) causes another person to use, deal with, or act upon it as if it were genuine; or

• (c) without reasonable excuse,—

  • (i) has in his or her possession or under his or her control a document that he or she knows or has reason to suspect is a forged or false New Zealand travel document; or

  • (ii) sells, hires, lends, gives, or otherwise disposes of a document that he or she knows or has reason to suspect is a forged or false New Zealand travel document to another person; or

• (d) without lawful authority or reasonable excuse, makes or uses or has in his or her possession or disposes of any paper or other material that he or she knows is specially provided by the proper authorities for any purpose relating to New Zealand travel documents.

(2) In subsection (1),—

(3) Every person who commits an offence against subsection (1) is liable on conviction on indictment to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 10 years, a fine not exceeding $250,000, or both.

(1) Every person commits an offence who knowingly, and without lawful authority or reasonable excuse,—

• (a) deletes, alters, or copies any information recorded in or on a passport database; or

• (b) allows any information recorded in or on a passport database to be deleted, altered, or copied; or

• (c) records any information (whether correct or incorrect) in or on a passport database; or

• (d) allows any information (whether correct or incorrect) to be recorded in or on a passport database; or

• (e) takes from where it is officially kept—

  • (i) a New Zealand travel document or a blank or incomplete New Zealand travel document; or

  • (ii) a seal, stamp, or other authenticating device or thing, that he or she knows is specially used by the proper authorities for a purpose relating to New Zealand travel documents; or

  • (iii) any paper or other material that he or she knows is specially provided by the proper authorities for a purpose relating to New Zealand travel documents; or

• (f) takes from where it is officially kept a file or register in or on which information is or is to be recorded by officers for the purposes of this Act.

(2) Paragraphs (a) to (d) of subsection (1)—

• (a) apply to the deletion or alteration of information recorded in an electronic passport database, or the recording of information in an electronic passport database, whether it is achieved—

  • (i) directly; or

  • (ii) by altering or damaging the database, its programming, another device, the programming of another device, or any electronic storage; and

• (b) apply to the copying of information recorded in an electronic passport database whether it is achieved directly from the database, by means of another device, by the interception or copying of an electronic message, or from any form of electronic storage.

(3) In subsection (1), passport database means a file, register, or device in or on which information is or is to be recorded by officers for the purposes of this Act.

(4) Every person who commits an offence against subsection (1) is liable on conviction on indictment to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 10 years, a fine not exceeding $250,000, or both.

(1) Every person commits an offence who, without lawful authority or reasonable excuse, issues a New Zealand travel document (whether or not to the person to whom it relates) knowing that the person to whom it relates is not entitled to be issued it.

(2) Every person who commits an offence against subsection (1) is liable on conviction on indictment to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 10 years, a fine not exceeding $250,000, or both.

(1) Every person commits a crime who—

• (a) For purposes of travel and without reasonable excuse, uses a New Zealand travel document that he or she knows or has reasonable cause to suspect has expired or has been cancelled; or

• (b) For purposes of travel or identification and without reasonable excuse, uses a New Zealand travel document that he or she knows or has reasonable cause to suspect was issued to or in respect of another person; or

• (c) Being a person to whom a New Zealand travel document has been issued, without reasonable excuse permits another person to have possession of that document in circumstances where he or she knows or has reasonable cause to suspect that the person intends to use it for purposes of travel or identification; or

• (d) Without lawful authority or reasonable excuse, takes or retains in his or her possession or under his or her control a New Zealand travel document against the will of the holder; or

• (e) [Repealed]

• (f) Without reasonable excuse, has in his or her possession or under his or her control within New Zealand—

  • (i) A passport issued by or on behalf of the Government of any country other than New Zealand, being a passport that he or she knows or has reason to suspect has been falsified or has been obtained by false representation; or

  • (ii) A document purporting to be a passport issued by or on behalf of the Government of any country other than New Zealand that he or she knows or has reason to suspect is not such a passport.

(2) Every person commits a crime who intentionally defaces or destroys a New Zealand travel document.

(3) Every person who commits an offence against subsection (1) is liable on conviction on indictment to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 10 years, a fine not exceeding $250,000, or both.

(4) Every person who commits an offence against subsection (2) is liable on conviction on indictment to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 2 years.

Proceedings may be brought for an offence against section 29A(1), section 30(1), section 30A(1), or any of paragraphs (a) to (d) of section 31(1), even if the act or omission alleged to constitute the offence did not occur in New Zealand.

(1) Every person commits an offence who, for the purpose of procuring a New Zealand travel document, or a renewal or endorsement of a New Zealand travel document, whether for his or her benefit or for the benefit of any other person,—

• (a) makes a written or oral statement that he or she knows to be false or misleading in a material particular; or

• (b) recklessly makes a written or oral statement that is false or misleading in a material particular.

(2) Every person who commits an offence against subsection (1) is liable on conviction on indictment to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 5 years, a fine not exceeding $15,000, or both.

(1) When sentencing a person in respect of an offence against this Act, a court may, in addition to any other sentence or order imposed or made, if satisfied that it is desirable for reasons of passport security and integrity, make an order that—

• (a) a New Zealand passport must not be issued to the person for a specified period not exceeding 10 years; and

• (b) any New Zealand passport issued to the person must be cancelled.

(2) When sentencing a person in respect of a terrorism-related offence, a court may, in addition to any other sentence or order imposed or made, make an order that—

• (a) a New Zealand passport must not be issued to the person for a specified period not exceeding 15 years; and

• (b) any New Zealand passport issued to the person must be cancelled.

(3) In this section, terrorism-related offence means—

• (a) an offence under any of the following enactments:

  • (i) the Aviation Crimes Act 1972:

  • (ii) the Crimes (Internationally Protected Persons, United Nations and Associated Personnel, and Hostages) Act 1980:

  • (iii) the Maritime Crimes Act 1999:

  • (iv) the Terrorism Suppression Act 2002:

• (b) an offence where terrorism (whether described in similar terms as, or by reference to, the definition of terrorist act in section 5 of the Terrorism Suppression Act 2002) is an aggravating factor.

(4) An order under subsection (1) or subsection (2) expires at the end of the relevant specified period after the date of the person's conviction of the offence.

(1) All New Zealand travel documents issued by or on behalf of the Government of New Zealand, whether before or after the commencement of this Act, shall be the property of the Government of New Zealand.

(2) The right in a New Zealand travel document conferred on the Government of New Zealand by subsection (1) of this section shall not be defeated or affected by any security, pledge, deposit, or encumbrance given, made or accepted in respect of the New Zealand travel document by the holder or by any other person.

(3) No holder or any other person shall give, make, or accept as a security, pledge, or deposit, or otherwise encumber, a New Zealand travel document issued by or on behalf of the Government of New Zealand, and any term of an agreement which would otherwise have that effect shall be void.

(1) The Minister may delegate to a specified person or to persons of a specified class, or to the holder or holders for the time being of a specified office or specified class of offices, any of the powers conferred on the Minister by Part 1 or section 42 of this Act.

(2) The delegation of a power under this section may be made generally, or in respect of a particular case or class of cases.

(3) A power delegated under this section may be exercised by the person or persons, or the holder or holders for the time being of a specified office or specified class of offices, to whom it is delegated in the same manner and to the same extent as if it were conferred by this Act and not by delegation.

(4) The delegation of a power under this section shall not prevent the exercise of that power by the Minister.

(1) The Secretary may, for the purpose of aiding border security, facilitating the processing of passengers, verifying the identity of a holder of a travel document, or determining whether a person is a New Zealand citizen, disclose New Zealand travel document information of a kind referred to in section 37 to any appropriate agency, body, or person (the other party).

(2) The disclosure of the information must be in accordance with an agreement in writing between the Secretary and the other party that states—

• (a) the purpose of the agreement; and

• (b) the information that can be disclosed; and

• (c) the method and form of the disclosure; and

• (d) the use the other party will make of the information; and

• (e) the conditions under which the other party may disclose the information.

(3) An agreement entered into under subsection (2) may be varied by the Secretary and the other party.

(4) Before entering into an agreement under subsection (2) or varying an agreement under subsection (3), the Secretary and the other party must consult with the Privacy Commissioner on the terms of the agreement or variation.

(5) The Privacy Commissioner may require the Secretary and the other party to review an agreement under this section, and report on the result of the review to the Privacy Commissioner, at intervals not shorter than 12 months.

(1) The information that may be disclosed under section 36 in relation to a New Zealand travel document is as follows:

• (a) The holder's full name:

• (b) The holder's date of birth:

• (c) The holder's sex:

• (d) The holder's eye colour:

• (e) The holder's height:

• (f) The holder's endorsements (if any):

• (g) The photograph of the holder:

• (h) The place of birth of the holder:

• (i) The document type:

• (j) The passports database key number:

• (k) The passport or document number:

• (l) The date of issue of the passport or document:

• (m) The date of expiry of the passport or document:

• (n) The place of issue of the passport or document:

• (o) The status of the passport or document.

• (p) any other information relating to a New Zealand travel document that may be used—

  • (i) to verify the identity of the document's holder; or

  • (ii) to determine whether a person is a New Zealand citizen by birth; or

  • (iii) for the purpose of border security; or

  • (iv) to assist in the processing of passengers.

(2) Every application form for a New Zealand travel document that is printed after the date of commencement of the Passports Amendment Act 2005 must include a statement that the information may be so disclosed.

(3) Nothing in section 36 of this Act shall prevent or limit any other disclosure of the information which may be otherwise required or authorised by or under law.

(1) Every person who commits an offence under this Act in respect of which either—

• (a) No penalty is provided elsewhere than in this section; or

• (b) Proceedings in respect of that offence have been taken in a summary way in accordance with the Summary Proceedings Act 1957,—

is liable on summary conviction to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 3 months or a fine not exceeding $2,000.

(2) Notwithstanding section 14 of the Summary Proceedings Act 1957, an information in respect of any offence against this Act may be laid at any time within 2 years after the time when the matter of the information arose.

(3) Subsection (2) does not limit the time for laying an information for an offence for which a defendant may be proceeded against by indictment.

The Governor-General may from time to time, by Order in Council, make regulations for all or any of the following purposes:

• (a) Requiring the payment of fees, and prescribing the amount of such fees, in respect of—

  • (i) Applications for and the issue of passports, certificates of identity, emergency travel documents, and refugee travel documents; and

  • (ii) Applications for the renewal of any such document; and

  • (iii) Applications for a set of additional pages for any such document,—

  which fees may differ depending on the time and place at which an application is lodged and depending on whether or not a special service is provided:

• (b) Providing for such other matters as are contemplated by or necessary for giving full effect to the provisions of this Act and for its due administration.

The following enactments are hereby repealed:

• (a) The Passports Act 1980:

• (b) So much of Schedule 1 to the Criminal Justice Act 1985 as relates to the Passports Act 1980:

• (c) So much of Schedule 4 to the Immigration Act 1987 as relates to the Passports Act 1980:

• (d) The Passports Amendment Act 1987:

• (e) The Passports Amendment Act 1991.

(1) Where, prior to the commencement of this Act, the name of a child was endorsed on the passport of a parent or guardian, that endorsement shall continue to have effect until either—

• (a) The child attains the age of 16 years; or

• (b) Upon application by the parent or guardian, a separate passport is issued in the name of the child,—

whichever first occurs, and the Minister shall then cancel the endorsement.

(2) For the purposes of the cancellation of any endorsement, the holder or other person who has the endorsed passport in his or her possession or under his or her control, shall, on demand by an officer, deliver the passport to the officer.

(3) Every person commits an offence against this Act who knowingly fails without reasonable excuse to comply with subsection (2) of this section.

Without limiting section 20A of the Acts Interpretation Act 1924, every passport and certificate of identity, and every renewal or endorsement of a passport or certificate of identity, issued, granted, or made by or on behalf of the Government of New Zealand before the commencement of this Act shall continue in full force and effect as if it were issued, granted, or made under this Act, and the provisions of this Act shall apply to it accordingly.

The imposition and recovery of fees under regulation 8 of the Passports Regulations 1981 in respect of a set of additional pages are hereby validated and deemed to have been lawfully imposed and recovered.