The Crown acknowledges that its breaches of the Treaty of Waitangi and its principles during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries have together significantly undermined the traditional systems of authority and economic capacity of Taranaki Iwi, and the physical, cultural, and spiritual well-being of its people. The Crown acknowledges that it has failed to protect the rangatiratanga of Taranaki Iwi, in breach of its obligations under Article 2 of the Treaty of Waitangi.