2.1.1A—Flammable gases: high hazard

• (a) a gas or gas mixture that, at 20 degrees Celsius and at a pressure of 101.3 kilopascals absolute, is ignitable when in a mixture of 13% or less by volume with air; or

• (b) a gas or gas mixture that, at 20 degrees Celsius and at a pressure of 101.3 kilopascals absolute, has a flammable range with air of at least 12 percentage points regardless of the lower flammability limit, where flammability is determined when tested in accordance with the test procedure for determining the flammability of gases and gas mixtures as prescribed in section 5 ISO 10156:1996.

2.1.1B—Flammable gases: medium hazard

A gas or gas mixture, other than one of high hazard, that is sufficiently flammable to be capable of ignition when mixed with air in a proportion within a flammable range at 20 degrees Celsius and at a pressure of 101.3 kilopascals absolute.

2.1.2A—Flammable aerosols

An aerosol comprising 45% or more by mass of flammable ingredients. An aerosol is a substance packed under pressure in a way that is designed to be released as solid or liquid particles in suspension in a gas, as a foam, paste, or powder, or in a liquid or in a gaseous state.

3.1A—Flammable liquids: very high hazard

A flammable liquid that has a flash point of less than 23 degrees Celsius and has an IBP of less than or equal to 35 degrees Celsius.

3.1B—Flammable liquid: high hazard

A flammable liquid that has a flash point of less than 23 degrees Celsius and has an IBP of greater than 35 degrees Celsius.

3.1C—Flammable liquids: medium hazard

A flammable liquid that has a flash point of greater than or equal to 23 degrees Celsius, but less than or equal to 60 degrees Celsius.

3.1D—Flammable liquids: low hazard

A flammable liquid that has a flash point of greater than 60 degrees Celsius, but less than or equal to 93 degrees Celsius.

3.2A—Liquid desensitised explosives: high hazard

• (a) a substance that—

  • (i) is listed in paragraph 2.3.1.4 of the UN Model Regulations as a liquid desensitised explosive; and

  • (ii) is assigned Packing Group I in the Dangerous Goods List in Chapter 3.2 of the UN Model Regulations; or

• (b) a liquid desensitised explosive that—

  • (i) is formed from an explosive of Class 1 by adding a desensitising agent to form a liquid substance that no longer meets the threshold for Class 1; and

  • (ii) is not listed in the UN Model Regulations, and is not assigned a packing group in the UN Model Regulations.

3.2B—Liquid desensitised explosives: medium hazard

A substance that—

• (a) is listed in paragraph 2.3.1.4 of the UN Model Regulations as a liquid desensitised explosive; and

• (b) is assigned Packing Group II in the Dangerous Goods List in Chapter 3.2 of the UN Model Regulations.

3.2C—Liquid desensitised explosives: low hazard

A substance that—

• (a) is listed in paragraph 2.3.1.4 of the UN Model Regulations as a liquid desensitised explosive; and

• (b) is assigned Packing Group III in the Dangerous Goods List in Chapter 3.2 of the UN Model Regulations.

4.1.1A—Readily combustible solids and solids that may cause fire through friction: medium hazard

• (a) a substance (other than a metal powder) that, when tested as prescribed in the burning rate test of Test Series N.1, paragraph 33.2.1.4 of the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria, has a burning time of less than 45 seconds and the flame passes the wetted zone; or

• (b) a powder of metal or metal alloys that produces a zone of reaction that spreads over the whole length of the sample in 5 minutes or less when tested as prescribed in the burning rate test of Test Series N.1, paragraph 33.2.1.4 of the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria; or

• (c) a substance that is listed in the Dangerous Goods List in Chapter 3.2 of the UN Model Regulations with the serial number UN 1343; or

• (d) any other substance that may cause fire through friction and where, when tested as prescribed in Test Series 3 type (b), paragraph 13.5 of the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria, the amount of friction required to cause ignition is less than 120% of that for any of the substances in paragraph (c).

4.1.1B—Readily combustible solids and solids that may cause fire through friction: low hazard

• (a) a substance (other than a metal powder) that, when tested as prescribed in the burning rate test of Test Series N.1, paragraph 33.2.1.4 of the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria, has a burning time of less than 45 seconds and the wetted zone stops the flame propagation for at least 4 minutes; or

• (b) a powder of metal or metal alloys that, when tested as prescribed in the burning rate test of Test Series N.1, paragraph 33.2.1.4 of the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria, produces a reaction which spreads over the whole length of the sample in more than 5 minutes, but not more than 10 minutes; or

• (c) a substance that is listed in the Dangerous Goods List in Chapter 3.2 of the UN Model Regulations with one of the following UN serial numbers: UN 1331, UN 1944, UN 1945, or UN 2254; or

• (d) any other substance that may cause fire through friction and where, when tested as prescribed in Test Series 3 type (b), paragraph 13.5 of the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria, the amount of friction required to cause ignition is less than 120% of that for any of the substances in paragraph (c).

4.1.2A—Self-reactive substances: type A

• (a) a substance that—

  • (i) propagates a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) propagates a detonation when detonated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series B; or

• (b) a substance that—

  • (i) propagates a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) does not propagate a detonation when detonated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series B; and

  • (iii) propagates a rapid deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iv) propagates a rapid deflagration when ignited under confinement as prescribed in Test Series D; or

• (c) a substance that—

  • (i) propagates a partial detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) propagates a rapid deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iii) propagates a rapid deflagration when ignited under confinement as prescribed in Test Series D; or

• (d) a substance that—

  • (i) does not propagate a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) propagates a rapid deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iii) propagates a rapid deflagration when ignited under confinement as prescribed in Test Series D.

4.1.2B—Self-reactive substances: type B

• (a) a substance that is listed in the UN Model Regulations as having a class or division of 4.1 and is designated as type B; or

• (b) a substance that—

  • (i) propagates a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) does not propagate a detonation when detonated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series B; and

  • (iii) propagates a rapid deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iv) does not propagate a rapid deflagration when ignited under confinement as prescribed in Test Series D; and

  • (v) exhibits violent effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; and

  • (vi) undergoes a thermal explosion when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series G; or

• (c) a substance that—

  • (i) propagates a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) does not propagate a detonation when detonated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series B; and

  • (iii) either propagates a slow deflagration or does not propagate a deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iv) exhibits violent effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; and

  • (v) undergoes a thermal explosion when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series G; or

• (d) a substance that—

  • (i) propagates a partial detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) propagates a rapid deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iii) does not propagate a rapid deflagration when ignited under confinement as prescribed in Test Series D; and

  • (iv) exhibits a violent effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; and

  • (v) undergoes a thermal explosion when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series G; or

• (e) a substance that—

  • (i) propagates a partial detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) either propagates a slow deflagration or does not propagate a deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iii) exhibits violent effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; and

  • (iv) undergoes a thermal explosion when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series G; or

• (f) a substance that—

  • (i) does not propagate a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) propagates a rapid deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iii) does not propagate a rapid deflagration when ignited under confinement as prescribed in Test Series D; and

  • (iv) exhibits violent effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; and

  • (v) undergoes a thermal explosion when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series G; or

• (g) a substance that—

  • (i) does not propagate a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) propagates a slow deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iii) exhibits violent effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; and

  • (iv) undergoes a thermal explosion when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series G; or

• (h) a substance that—

  • (i) does not propagate a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) does not propagate a deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iii) exhibits violent effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; and

  • (iv) undergoes a thermal explosion when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series G.

4.1.2C—Self-reactive substances: type C

• (a) a substance that is listed in the UN Model Regulations as having a class or division of 4.1 and is designated as type C; or

• (b) a substance that—

  • (i) propagates a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) does not propagate a detonation when detonated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series B; and

  • (iii) propagates a rapid deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iv) does not propagate a rapid deflagration when ignited under confinement as prescribed in Test Series D; and

  • (v) exhibits violent effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; and

  • (vi) does not undergo a thermal explosion when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series G; or

• (c) a substance that—

  • (i) propagates a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) does not propagate a detonation when detonated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series B; and

  • (iii) either propagates a slow deflagration or does not propagate a deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iv) exhibits violent effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; and

  • (v) does not undergo a thermal explosion when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series G; or

• (d) a substance that—

  • (i) propagates a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) does not propagate a detonation when detonated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series B; and

  • (iii) propagates a rapid deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iv) does not propagate a rapid deflagration when ignited under confinement as prescribed in Test Series D; and

  • (v) exhibits medium effect, low effect, or no effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; or

• (e) a substance that—

  • (i) propagates a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) does not propagate a detonation when detonated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series B; and

  • (iii) either propagates a slow deflagration or does not propagate a deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iv) exhibits medium effect, low effect, or no effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; or

• (f) a substance that—

  • (i) propagates a partial detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) propagates a rapid deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iii) does not propagate a rapid deflagration when ignited under confinement as prescribed in Test Series D; and

  • (iv) exhibits violent effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; and

  • (v) does not undergo a thermal explosion when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series G; or

• (g) a substance that—

  • (i) propagates a partial detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) propagates a rapid deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iii) does not propagate a rapid deflagration when ignited under confinement as prescribed in Test Series D; and

  • (iv) exhibits medium effect, low effect, or no effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; or

• (h) a substance that—

  • (i) propagates a partial detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) propagates a slow or no deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iii) exhibits violent effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; and

  • (iv) does not undergo a thermal explosion when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series G; or

• (i) a substance that—

  • (i) does not propagate a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) propagates a rapid deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iii) does not propagate a rapid deflagration when ignited under confinement as prescribed in Test Series D; and

  • (iv) exhibits violent effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; and

  • (v) does not undergo a thermal explosion when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series G; or

• (j) a substance that—

  • (i) does not propagate a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) propagates a rapid deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iii) does not propagate a rapid deflagration when ignited under confinement as prescribed in Test Series D; and

  • (iv) exhibits medium effect, low effect, or no effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; or

• (k) a substance that—

  • (i) does not propagate a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) propagates a slow deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iii) exhibits violent effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; and

  • (iv) does not undergo a thermal explosion when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series G; or

• (l) a substance that—

  • (i) does not propagate a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) does not propagate a deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iii) exhibits violent effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; and

  • (iv) does not undergo a thermal explosion when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series G.

4.1.2D—Self-reactive substances: type D

Note: see regulation 7(4)(a) for cases where category D applies.

• (a) a substance that is listed in the UN Model Regulations as having a class or division of 4.1 and is designated as type D; or

• (b) a substance that—

  • (i) propagates a partial detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) propagates a slow or no deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iii) exhibits medium effect, low effect, or no effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; or

• (c) a substance that—

  • (i) does not propagate a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) propagates a slow deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iii) exhibits medium effect, low effect, or no effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; or

• (d) a substance that—

  • (i) does not propagate a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) does not propagate a deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iii) exhibits medium effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E.

4.1.2E—Self-reactive substances: type E

• (a) a substance that is listed in the UN Model Regulations as having a class or division of 4.1 and is designated as type E; or

• (b) a substance that—

  • (i) does not propagate a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) does not propagate a deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iii) exhibits low effect, or no effect, when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; and

  • (iv) is not intended to be stored or transported in bulk, or no data is available for Test Series F; or

• (c) a substance that—

  • (i) does not propagate a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) does not propagate a deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iii) exhibits low effect, or no effect, when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; and

  • (iv) is intended to be stored or transported in bulk; and

  • (v) exhibits a “not low” explosive power when tested as prescribed in Test Series F, or no data is available for Test Series F.

4.1.2F—Self-reactive substances: type F

• (a) a substance that is listed in the UN Model Regulations as having a class or division of 4.1 and is designated as type F; or

• (b) a substance that—

  • (i) does not propagate a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) does not propagate a deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iii) exhibits low effect, or no effect, when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; and

  • (iv) when tested for bulk containers, exhibits a low effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; and

  • (v) when tested for bulk containers, exhibits no explosive power when tested as prescribed in Test Series F; or

• (c) a substance that—

  • (i) does not propagate a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) does not propagate a deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iii) exhibits low effect, or no effect, when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; and

  • (iv) is intended to be stored or transported in bulk; and

  • (v) exhibits low explosive power when tested as prescribed in Test Series F; or

• (d) a substance that—

  • (i) does not propagate a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) does not propagate a deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iii) exhibits no effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E, including when assessed for bulk containers; and

  • (iv) exhibits no explosive power when tested as prescribed in Test Series F; and

  • (v) has a SADT less than 60 degrees Celsius for a 50 kg quantity of the substance or, if the substance is a mixture that contains a solvent or desensitising agent, that solvent or desensitising agent has a boiling point less than 150 degrees Celsius.

4.1.2G—Self-reactive substances: type G

A substance that—

• (a) does not propagate a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

• (b) does not propagate a deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

• (c) exhibits no effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E, including when assessed for bulk containers; and

• (d) exhibits no explosive power when tested as prescribed in Test Series F; and

• (e) has a SADT greater than or equal to 60 degrees Celsius for a 50 kg quantity of the substance and, if the substance is a mixture that contains a solvent or desensitising agent, that solvent or desensitising agent is a liquid that has a boiling point greater than or equal to 150 degrees Celsius.

4.1.3A—Solid desensitised explosives: high hazard

• (a) a substance that is listed in the Dangerous Goods List in Chapter 3.2 of the UN Model Regulations with one of the following UN serial numbers:

• UN 1310, UN 1320, UN 1321, UN 1322, UN 1336, UN 1337, UN 1344, UN 1347, UN 1348, UN 1349, UN 1354, UN 1356, UN 1357, UN 1517, UN 1571, UN 2852, or UN 3317; or

• (b) a solid desensitised explosive that is formed from an explosive of Class 1 by adding a desensitising agent to form a solid substance that no longer meets the threshold for Class 1.

4.1.3B—Solid desensitised explosives: medium hazard

• (a) a substance that is listed in the Dangerous Goods List in Chapter 3.2 of the UN Model Regulations with one of the following UN serial numbers:

• UN 2555, UN 2556, UN 2557, UN 2907, UN 3319, or UN 3344; or

• (b) a substance listed in the Dangerous Goods List in Chapter 3.2 of the UN Model Regulations with UN serial number UN 3242.

4.1.3C—Solid desensitised explosives: low hazard

A substance that is listed in the Dangerous Goods List in Chapter 3.2 of the UN Model Regulations with one of the following UN serial numbers: UN 2956, UN 3241, or UN 3251.

4.2A—Spontaneously combustible substances: pyrophoric substances: high hazard

• (a) a solid substance that does not meet the criteria for subclass 4.1.2, but ignites within 5 minutes on contact with air when tested as prescribed in Test Series N.2, paragraph 33.3.1.4 of the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria; or

• (b) a substance that does not meet the criteria for subclass 4.1.2, but is a liquid and—

  • (i) ignites when tested as prescribed in Test Series N.3, paragraph 33.3.1.5.3.1 of the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria; or

  • (ii) ignites or chars the filter paper when tested as prescribed in paragraph 33.3.1.5.3.2 of that test.

4.2B—Spontaneously combustible substances: self-heating substances: medium hazard

A substance that does not meet the criteria for subclass 4.1.2, but meets the criteria of paragraph 33.3.1.6.4.3 when tested as prescribed in Test Series N.4, paragraph 33.3.1.6 of the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria.

4.2C—Spontaneously combustible substances: self-heating substances: low hazard

• (a) a substance that does not meet the criteria for subclass 4.1.2, but is in a volume of more than 3 cubic metres and gives a positive result when tested using a 100 millimetre sample cube at 140 degrees Celsius as prescribed in Test Series N.4, paragraph 33.3.1.6 of the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria; or

• (b) a substance that does not meet the criteria for subclass 4.1.2, but is in a volume of more that 450 litres and gives a positive result when tested using a 100 millimetre sample cube at 140 degrees Celsius, and gives a positive result when tested using a 100 millimetre sample cube at 120 degrees Celsius, which tests are as prescribed in Test Series N.4, paragraph 33.3.1.6 of the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria; or

• (c) a substance that does not meet the criteria for subclass 4.1.2, but gives a positive result when tested using a 100 millimetre sample cube at 140 degrees Celsius, and gives a positive result when tested using a 100 millimetre sample cube at 100 degrees Celsius, which tests are as prescribed in Test Series N.4, paragraph 33.3.1.6 of the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria.

4.3A—Solids that emit flammable gas when in contact with water: high hazard

• (a) a substance that emits a gas that ignites when a small quantity of the substance is brought into contact with water as prescribed in Test Series N.5, paragraph 33.4.1.4 of the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria; or

• (b) a substance that reacts readily with water at ambient temperatures so that the rate of evolution of flammable gas is greater than or equal to 10 litres per kilogram of substance over any 1 minute when tested as prescribed in Test Series N.5, paragraph 33.4.1.4 of the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria.

4.3B—Solids that emit flammable gas when in contact with water: medium hazard

A substance that reacts readily with water at ambient temperatures so that the maximum rate of evolution of flammable gas is greater than or equal to 20 litres of gas per kilogram of substance per hour, but less than 10 litres per kilogram per minute, when tested as prescribed in Test Series N.5, paragraph 33.4.1.4 of the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria.

4.3C—Solids that emit flammable gas when in contact with water: low hazard

A substance that reacts slowly with water at ambient temperatures so that the maximum rate of evolution of flammable gas is equal to or greater than 1 litre of gas per kilogram of substance per hour, but less than 20 litres per kilogram per hour, when tested as prescribed in Test Series N.5, paragraph 33.4.1.4 of the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria.

5.1.1A—Oxidising substances that are liquids or solids: high hazard

• (a) a substance that is listed in the UN Model Regulations as having a class, division, or subsidiary risk of 5.1, and is assigned Packing Group I; or

• (b) a solid that when mixed with dried cellulose forms a mixture that either spontaneously ignites or exhibits a mean burning time less than the mean burning time of a 3:2 reference mixture by mass of potassium bromate and cellulose under the same conditions when tested as prescribed in Test Series O.1, paragraph 34.4.1 of the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria; or

• (c) a liquid that when mixed with dry cellulose forms a mixture that either spontaneously ignites or exhibits a mean pressure rise time less than the mean pressure rise time of a 1:1 reference mixture by mass of 50% perchloric acid and cellulose under the same conditions when tested as prescribed in Test Series O.2, paragraph 34.4.2 of the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria.

5.1.1B—Oxidising substances that are liquids or solids: medium hazard

• (a) a substance that is listed in the UN Model Regulations as having a class, division, or subsidiary risk of 5.1, and is assigned Packing Group II; or

• (b) a solid that does not meet the criteria of category A and that when mixed with dry cellulose forms a mixture that exhibits a mean burning time equal to or less than the mean burning time of a 2:3 reference mixture by mass of potassium bromate and cellulose under the same conditions when tested as prescribed in Test Series O.1, paragraph 34.4.1 of the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria; or

• (c) a liquid that does not meet the criteria of category A and that when mixed with dry cellulose forms a mixture that exhibits a mean pressure rise time less than or equal to the mean pressure rise time of a 1:1 reference mixture by mass of 40% aqueous sodium chlorate solution and cellulose under the same conditions when tested as prescribed in Test Series O.2, paragraph 34.4.2 of the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria.

5.1.1C—Oxidising substances that are liquids or solids: low hazard

• (a) a substance that is listed in the UN Model Regulations as having a class, division, or subsidiary risk of 5.1, and is assigned Packing Group III; or

• (b) a solid that does not meet the criteria of category A or category B and that when mixed with dry cellulose forms a mixture that exhibits a mean burning time equal to or less than the mean burning time of a 3:7 reference mixture by mass of potassium bromate and cellulose under the same conditions when tested as prescribed in Test Series O.1, paragraph 34.4.1 of the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria; or

• (c) a liquid that does not meet the criteria of category A or category B and that when mixed with dry cellulose forms a mixture that exhibits a mean pressure rise time less than or equal to the mean pressure rise time of a 1:1 reference mixture by mass of 65% aqueous nitric acid and cellulose under the same conditions when tested as prescribed in Test Series O.2, paragraph 34.4.2 of the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria.

5.1.2A—Oxidising substances that are gases

• (a) a gas that is listed in the UN Model Regulations as having a class, division, or subsidiary risk of 5.1; or

• (b) a gas that causes or contributes to combustion of other material at a faster rate than air when tested in accordance with the test procedure for determining the oxidising power of gases and gas mixtures as set out in section 5 of ISO 10156:1996.

5.2A—Organic peroxides: type A

• (a) an organic peroxide that—

  • (i) propagates a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) propagates a detonation when detonated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series B; or

• (b) an organic peroxide that—

  • (i) propagates a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) does not propagate a detonation when detonated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series B; and

  • (iii) propagates a rapid deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iv) propagates a rapid deflagration when ignited under confinement as prescribed in Test Series D; or

• (c) an organic peroxide that—

  • (i) propagates a partial detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) propagates a rapid deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iii) propagates a rapid deflagration when ignited under confinement as prescribed in Test Series D; or

• (d) an organic peroxide that—

  • (i) does not propagate a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) propagates a rapid deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iii) propagates a rapid deflagration when ignited under confinement as prescribed in Test Series D.

5.2B—Organic peroxides: type B

• (a) a substance that is listed in the UN Model Regulations as having a class or division of 5.2 and is designated as type B; or

• (b) an organic peroxide that—

  • (i) propagates a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) does not propagate a detonation when detonated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series B; and

  • (iii) propagates a rapid deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iv) does not propagate a rapid deflagration when ignited under confinement as prescribed in Test Series D; and

  • (v) exhibits violent effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; and

  • (vi) undergoes a thermal explosion when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series G; or

• (c) an organic peroxide that—

  • (i) propagates a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) does not propagate a detonation when detonated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series B; and

  • (iii) either propagates a slow deflagration or does not propagate a deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iv) exhibits violent effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; and

  • (v) undergoes a thermal explosion when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series G; or

• (d) an organic peroxide that—

  • (i) propagates a partial detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) propagates a rapid deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iii) does not propagate a rapid deflagration when ignited under confinement as prescribed in Test Series D; and

  • (iv) exhibits violent effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; and

  • (v) undergoes a thermal explosion when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series G; or

• (e) an organic peroxide that—

  • (i) propagates a partial detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) either propagates a slow deflagration or no deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iii) exhibits violent effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; and

  • (iv) undergoes a thermal explosion when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series G; or

• (f) an organic peroxide that—

  • (i) does not propagate a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) propagates a rapid deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iii) does not propagate a rapid deflagration when ignited under confinement as prescribed in Test Series D; and

  • (iv) exhibits violent effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; and

  • (vi) undergoes a thermal explosion when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series G; or

• (g) an organic peroxide that—

  • (i) does not propagate a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) propagates a slow deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iii) exhibits violent effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; and

  • (iv) undergoes a thermal explosion when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series G; or

• (h) an organic peroxide that—

  • (i) does not propagate a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) does not propagate a deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iii) exhibits violent effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; and

  • (iv) undergoes a thermal explosion when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series G.

5.2C—Organic peroxides: type C

• (a) a substance that is listed in the UN Model Regulations as having a class or division of 5.2 and is designated as type C; or

• (b) an organic peroxide that—

  • (i) propagates a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) does not propagate a detonation when detonated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series B; and

  • (iii) propagates a rapid deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iv) does not propagate a rapid deflagration when ignited under confinement as prescribed in Test Series D; and

  • (v) exhibits violent effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; and

  • (vi) does not undergo a thermal explosion when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series G; or

• (c) an organic peroxide that—

  • (i) propagates a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) does not propagate a detonation when detonated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series B; and

  • (iii) propagates a slow deflagration or no deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iv) exhibits violent effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; and

  • (v) does not undergo a thermal explosion when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series G; or

• (d) an organic peroxide that—

  • (i) propagates a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) does not propagate a detonation when detonated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series B; and

  • (iii) propagates a rapid deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iv) does not propagate a rapid deflagration when ignited under confinement as prescribed in Test Series D; and

  • (v) exhibits medium effect, low effect, or no effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; or

• (e) an organic peroxide that—

  • (i) propagates a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) does not propagate a detonation when detonated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series B; and

  • (iii) propagates a slow deflagration or no deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iv) exhibits medium effect, low effect, or no effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; or

• (f) an organic peroxide that—

  • (i) propagates a partial detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) propagates a rapid deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iii) does not propagate a rapid deflagration when ignited under confinement as prescribed in Test Series D; and

  • (iv) exhibits violent effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; and

  • (v) does not undergo a thermal explosion when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series G; or

• (g) an organic peroxide that—

  • (i) propagates a partial detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) propagates a rapid deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iii) does not propagate a rapid deflagration when ignited under confinement as prescribed in Test Series D; and

  • (iv) exhibits medium effect, low effect, or no effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; or

• (h) an organic peroxide that—

  • (i) propagates a partial detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) propagates a slow or no deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iii) exhibits violent effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; and

  • (iv) does not undergo a thermal explosion when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series G; or

• (i) an organic peroxide that—

  • (i) does not propagate a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) propagates a rapid deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iii) does not propagate a rapid deflagration when ignited under confinement as prescribed in Test Series D; and

  • (iv) exhibits violent effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; and

  • (v) does not undergo a thermal explosion when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series G; or

• (j) an organic peroxide that—

  • (i) does not propagate a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) propagates a rapid deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iii) does not propagate a rapid deflagration when ignited under confinement as prescribed in Test Series D; and

  • (iv) exhibits medium effect, low effect, or no effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; or

• (k) an organic peroxide that—

  • (i) does not propagate a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) propagates a slow deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iii) exhibits violent effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; and

  • (iv) does not undergo a thermal explosion when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series G; or

• (l) an organic peroxide that—

  • (i) does not propagate a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) does not propagate a deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iii) exhibits violent effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; and

  • (iv) does not undergo a thermal explosion when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series G.

5.2D—Organic peroxides: type D

Note: see regulation 8(3)(a) for cases where category D applies.

• (a) a substance that is listed in the UN Model Regulations as having a class or division of 5.2 and is designated as type D; or

• (b) an organic peroxide that—

  • (i) propagates a partial detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) propagates a slow or no deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iii) exhibits medium effect, low effect, or no effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; or

• (c) an organic peroxide that—

  • (i) does not propagate a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) propagates a slow deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iii) exhibits medium effect, low effect, or no effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; or

• (d) an organic peroxide that—

  • (i) does not propagate a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) does not propagate a deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iii) exhibits medium effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E.

5.2E—Organic peroxides: type E

• (a) a substance that is listed in the UN Model Regulations as having a class or division of 5.2 and is designated as type E; or

• (b) an organic peroxide that—

  • (i) does not propagate a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) does not propagate a deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iii) exhibits low effect, or no effect, when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; and

  • (iv) is not intended to be stored or transported in bulk, or has no data available for Test Series F; or

• (c) an organic peroxide that—

  • (i) does not propagate a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) does not propagate a deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iii) exhibits low effect, or no effect, when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; and

  • (iv) is intended to be stored or transported in bulk, and displays a “not low” explosive power when tested as prescribed in Test Series F.

5.2F—Organic peroxides: type F

• (a) a substance that is listed in the UN Model Regulations as having a class or division of 5.2 and is designated as type F; or

• (b) an organic peroxide that—

  • (i) does not propagate a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) does not propagate a deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iii) exhibits low effect, or no effect, when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; and

  • (iv) when tested for bulk containers, exhibits low effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; and

  • (v) when tested for bulk containers, displays no explosive power when tested as prescribed in Test Series F; or

• (c) an organic peroxide that—

  • (i) does not propagate a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) does not propagate a deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iii) exhibits low effect, or no effect, when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E; and

  • (iv) is intended to be stored or transported in bulk, and exhibits low explosive power when tested as prescribed in Test Series F; or

• (d) an organic peroxide that—

  • (i) does not propagate a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

  • (ii) does not propagate a deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

  • (iii) exhibits no effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E, including when it is assessed for bulk containers; and

  • (iv) exhibits no explosive power when tested as prescribed in Test Series F; and

  • (v) has a SADT less than 60 degrees Celsius for a 50 kg quantity of the substance or, if the substance is a mixture that contains a solvent or desensitising agent, that solvent or desensitising agent is not an organic liquid with a boiling point greater than or equal to 150 degrees Celsius.

5.2G—Organic peroxides: type G

An organic peroxide that—

• (a) does not propagate a detonation when tested as prescribed in Test Series A; and

• (b) does not propagate a deflagration when tested as prescribed in Test Series C; and

• (c) exhibits no effect when heated under confinement as prescribed in Test Series E, including when it is assessed for bulk containers; and

• (d) has no explosive power when tested as prescribed in Test Series F; and

• (e) has an SADT greater than or equal to 60 degrees Celsius for a 50 kg quantity of the substance and, if the substance is a liquid mixture that contains a solvent or desensitising agent, that solvent or desensitising agent is an organic liquid that has a boiling point greater than or equal to 150 degrees Celsius.

6.1A—Substances that are acutely toxic

• (a) a substance for which data indicate an oral LD₅₀ less than or equal to 5 milligrams of the substance per kilogram of bodyweight as a result of acute exposure of animals to the substance by the oral route; or

• (b) a substance for which data indicate a dermal LD₅₀ less than or equal to 50 milligrams of the substance per kilogram of bodyweight as a result of acute exposure of animals to the substance by the dermal route; or

• (c) a substance for which data indicate an inhalation LC₅₀ less than or equal to 100 parts per million of the substance in air as a result of acute exposure of animals to the substance by the inhalation route, where the substance is a gas; or

• (d) a substance for which data indicate an inhalation LC₅₀ less than or equal to 0.5 milligrams of the substance per litre of air as a result of acute exposure of animals to the substance by the inhalation route, where the substance is a vapour; or

• (e) a substance for which data indicate an inhalation LC₅₀ less than or equal to 0.05 milligrams of the substance per litre of air as a result of acute exposure of animals to the substance by the inhalation route, where the substance is a dust or mist.

6.1B—Substances that are acutely toxic

• (a) a substance for which data indicate an oral LD₅₀ greater than 5 milligrams, but less than or equal to 50 milligrams, of the substance per kilogram of bodyweight as a result of acute exposure of animals to the substance by the oral route; or

• (b) a substance for which data indicate a dermal LD₅₀ greater than 50 milligrams, but less than or equal to 200 milligrams, of the substance per kilogram of bodyweight as a result of acute exposure of animals to the substance by the dermal route; or

• (c) a substance for which data indicate an inhalation LC₅₀ greater than 100 parts per million, but less than or equal to 500 parts per million, of the substance in air as a result of acute exposure of animals to the substance by the inhalation route, where the substance is a gas; or

• (d) a substance for which data indicate an inhalation LC₅₀ greater than 0.5 milligrams, but less than or equal to 2.0 milligrams, of the substance per litre of air as a result of acute exposure of animals to the substance by the inhalation route, where the substance is a vapour; or

• (e) a substance for which data indicate an inhalation LC₅₀ greater than 0.05 milligrams, but less than or equal to 0.5 milligrams, of the substance per litre of air as a result of acute exposure of animals to the substance by the inhalation route, where the substance is a dust or mist.

6.1C—Substances that are acutely toxic

• (a) a substance for which data indicate an oral LD₅₀ greater than 50 milligrams, but less than or equal to 300 milligrams, of the substance per kilogram of bodyweight as a result of acute exposure of animals to the substance by the oral route; or

• (b) a substance for which data indicate a dermal LD₅₀ greater than 200 milligrams, but less than or equal to 1 000 milligrams, of the substance per kilogram of bodyweight as a result of acute exposure of animals to the substance by the dermal route; or

• (c) a substance for which data indicate an inhalation LC₅₀ greater than 500 parts per million, but less than or equal to 2 500 parts per million, of the substance in air as a result of acute exposure of animals to the substance by the inhalation route, where the substance is a gas; or

• (d) a substance for which data indicate an inhalation LC₅₀ greater than 2.0 milligrams, but less than or equal to 10 milligrams, of the substance per litre of air as a result of acute exposure of animals to the substance by the inhalation route, where the substance is a vapour; or

• (e) a substance for which data indicate an inhalation LC₅₀ greater than 0.5 milligrams, but less than or equal to 1.0 milligrams, of the substance per litre of air as a result of acute exposure of animals to the substance by the inhalation route, where the substance is a dust or mist.

6.1D—Substances that are acutely toxic

• (a) a substance for which data indicate an oral LD₅₀ greater than 300 milligrams, but less than or equal to 2 000 milligrams, of the substance per kilogram of bodyweight as a result of acute exposure of animals to the substance by the oral route; or

• (b) a substance for which data indicate a dermal LD₅₀ greater than 1 000 milligrams, but less than or equal to 2 000 milligrams, of the substance per kilogram of bodyweight as a result of acute exposure of animals to the substance by the dermal route; or

• (c) a substance for which data indicate an inhalation LC₅₀ greater than 2 500 parts per million, but less than or equal to 5 000 parts per million, of the substance in air as a result of acute exposure of animals to the substance by the inhalation route, where the substance is a gas; or

• (d) a substance for which data indicate an inhalation LC₅₀ greater than 10 milligrams, but less than or equal to 20 milligrams, of the substance per litre of air as a result of acute exposure of animals to the substance by the inhalation route, where the substance is a vapour; or

• (e) a substance for which data indicate an inhalation LC₅₀ greater than 1.0 milligrams, but less than or equal to 5 milligrams, of the substance per litre of air as a result of acute exposure of animals to the substance by the inhalation route, where the substance is a dust or mist.

6.1E—Substances that are acutely toxic

• (a) a substance for which data indicate an LD₅₀ greater than 2 000 milligrams, but less than or equal to 5 000 milligrams, of the substance per kilogram of bodyweight as a result of acute exposure of animals to the substance by oral or dermal routes; or

• (b) a substance for which assignment to a more hazardous category is not warranted and if—

  • (i) data for the substance indicate to an expert evidence in humans of significant acute toxic effects as a result of acute exposure to the substance; or

  • (ii) data indicate any mortality, when tested up to category D values by the oral, dermal, or inhalation routes as a result of acute exposure to the substance; or

  • (iii) clinical signs, other than diarrhoea, piloerection, or an ungroomed appearance, indicate to an expert a significant adverse biological effect when tested up to category D values by the oral, dermal, or inhalation routes as a result of acute exposure to the substance; or

  • (iv) reliable information, including reliable information from animal studies other than those from which LD₅₀ data was obtained to classify the substance in hazard classification 6.1E, indicates to an expert the potential for significant acute toxic effects in humans as a result of acute exposure to the substance.

6.3A—Substances that are irritating to the skin

• (a) a substance for which reversible adverse effects on dermal tissue are evidenced by data indicating a mean Draize score greater than or equal to 2.3, but less than or equal to 4.0, for either erythema or eschar or oedema as a result of exposure to the substance; or

• (b) a substance for which data indicate skin inflammation, including alopecia over a limited area, hyperkeratosis, hyperplasia, and scaling, that persists for 14 days following exposure to the substance in at least 66% of exposures as a result of exposure to the substance; or

• (c) a substance for which data indicate a pronounced variability of adverse effects between and within test exposures, even though the effects of exposure to the substance do not meet the criteria in paragraph (a) or paragraph (b), or for hazard classification 6.3B.

6.3B—Substances that are mildly irritating to the skin

A substance for which reversible adverse effects on dermal tissue are evidenced by data indicating a mean Draize score greater than or equal to 1.5, but less than 2.3, for either of the skin irritation effects known as erythema or oedema as a result of exposure to the substance.

6.4A—Substances that are irritating to the eye

A substance for which adverse effects on ocular tissue as a result of exposure to the substance are evidenced by data indicating—

• (a) a mean Draize score greater than or equal to 1, but less than 3, for corneal opacity, where the effects reverse within 21 days after exposure to the substance; or

• (b) a mean Draize score greater than or equal to 1, but less than 1.5, for iritis, where the effects reverse within 21 days after exposure to the substance; or

• (c) a mean Draize score greater than or equal to 2 for conjunctival redness, where the effects reverse within 21 days after exposure to the substance; or

• (d) a mean Draize score greater than or equal to 2 for conjunctival oedema (chemosis), where the effects reverse within 21 days after exposure to the substance.

6.5A—Substances that are respiratory sensitisers

• (a) a substance for which data indicate to an expert positive respiratory sensitisation effects in a relevant animal test as a result of exposure to the substance; or

• (b) a substance for which data indicate to an expert evidence in humans of specific respiratory hypersensitivity (including asthma, rhinitis, and alveolitis) with the clinical character of an allergic reaction as a result of exposure to the substance.

6.5B—Substances that are contact sensitisers

• (a) a substance for which data indicate to an expert positive contact sensitisation effects in a reliable animal test either—

  • (i) equal to or greater than 30% sensitisation response in an adjuvant type test method as a result of exposure to the substance; or

  • (ii) equal to or greater than 15% sensitisation response in a non-adjuvant type test method as a result of exposure to the substance; or

• (b) a substance for which data indicate to an expert evidence in humans of sensitisation by skin contact as a result of exposure to the substance.

6.6A—Substances that are known or presumed human mutagens

• (a) a substance for which data indicate a causal relationship between exposure of humans to the substance and the induction of heritable mutagenic effects in the germ cells of humans; or

• (b) a substance for which data indicate evidence of heritable mutagenic effects in the germ cells of mammals as a result of in vivo exposure to the substance; or

• (c) a substance for which data indicate, as a result of in vivo exposure to the substance,—

  • (i) evidence of mutagenic effects in the somatic cells of mammals; and

  • (ii) evidence that the substance has the potential to cause mutagenic effects in germ cells of mammals (including evidence of genotoxic effects in germ cells or evidence of the ability of the substance or its metabolites to interact with the genetic material of germ cells); or

• (d) a substance for which data indicate evidence of mutagenic effects in the germ cells of humans as a result of exposure to the substance without evidence of transmission to progeny (including an increase in the frequency of aneuploidy in sperm cells of exposed humans).

6.6B—Substances that are suspected human mutagens

• (a) a substance for which data indicate evidence of mutagenic effects in the somatic cells of mammals as a result of in vivo exposure to the substance; or

• (b) a substance for which data indicate evidence of genotoxic effects in the somatic cells of mammals as a result of in vivo exposure to the substance, and evidence of mutagenic effects as a result of in vitro exposure to the substance; or

• (c) a substance for which data indicate evidence of mutagenic effects as a result of in vitro exposure of mammalian cells to the substance, where there is a structure activity relationship to known germ cell mutagens (which relationship is a significant correlative relationship between the chemical structure of the substance and the chemical structure of a known germ cell mutagen, where the relationship relates to that germ cell mutagen activity).

6.7A—Substances that are known or presumed human carcinogens

• (a) a substance for which data indicate sufficient evidence in humans of a causal relationship between exposure to the substance and the development of cancer in humans; or

• (b) a substance for which data indicate sufficient evidence in animals of a causal relationship between exposure to the substance and an increased incidence of tumours; or

• (c) a substance for which data indicate—

  • (i) limited evidence in humans of a positive correlation between exposure to the substance and the development of human cancer; and

  • (ii) limited evidence in animals that exposure to the substance may lead to an increased incidence of tumours.

6.7B—Substances that are suspected human carcinogens

A substance for which data indicate limited evidence in humans or limited evidence in animals that exposure to the substance may lead to the development of cancer or an increased incidence of tumours, where the strength and weight of the evidence indicate to an expert that the evidence is not sufficient to classify the substance in hazard classification 6.7A.

6.8A—Substances that are known or presumed human reproductive or developmental toxicants

• (a) a substance for which data indicate evidence of a causal relationship in humans between exposure to the substance and adverse effects on reproductive ability, reproductive capacity, or development; or

• (b) a substance for which data indicate evidence of an adverse reproductive or adverse developmental effect in animals as a result of exposure to the substance, where that adverse effect occurs either—

  • (i) in the absence of other adverse effects from exposure to the substance; or

  • (ii) in the presence of other adverse effects that occur as a result of exposure to the substance, where the adverse reproductive or adverse developmental effect is considered by an expert not to be a secondary non-specific consequence of those other adverse effects.

6.8B—Substances that are suspected human reproductive or developmental toxicants

A substance for which data indicate evidence from human epidemiological or animal studies of an adverse reproductive or adverse developmental effect as a result of exposure to the substance, where—

• (a) that effect is considered by an expert not to be a secondary non-specific consequence of any other adverse effect; and

• (b) the strength and weight of the evidence indicate to an expert that the evidence is not sufficient to classify the substance in hazard classification 6.8A.

6.8C—Substances that produce toxic human reproductive or developmental effects on or via lactation

• (a) a substance for which data from studies of absorption, metabolism, distribution, and excretion of the substance indicate evidence that the substance would be present in potentially toxic levels in human breast milk; or

• (b) a substance for which data indicate evidence in humans of toxicity to babies during the lactation period as a result of exposure; or

• (c) a substance for which data from 1 or 2 generation studies indicate evidence of any adverse effect in the offspring of animals due to transfer of the substance in the milk as a result of exposure; or

• (d) a substance for which data from 1 or 2 generation studies indicate evidence of any adverse effect in the offspring of animals due to any adverse effect on the quality of milk as a result of exposure.

6.9A—Substances that are toxic to human target organs or systems

• (a) a substance for which data indicate to an expert evidence of a causal relationship between exposure of humans to the substance and the development of target organ/systemic toxicity that would not result in the substance being classified in any of the subclasses 6.1, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.7, or 6.8; or

• (b) a substance for which data indicate to an expert evidence of a significant adverse biological effect on the function or morphology of an organ or on the biochemistry or haematology of an organism as a result of exposure to the substance that would not result in the substance being classified in any of subclasses 6.1, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.7, or 6.8, and that are produced at low exposure concentrations and are of relevance to human health.

6.9B—Substances that are harmful to human target organs or systems

A substance for which data indicate to an expert evidence of a significant adverse biological effect on the function or morphology of an organ or on the biochemistry or haematology of an organism as a result of exposure to the substance that would not result in the substance being classified in any of subclasses 6.1, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.7 or 6.8, and that are produced at moderate exposure concentrations and are of relevance to human health.

8.1A—Substances that are corrosive to metals

A substance that corrodes steel type P235 (ISO 9328 (II):1991), steel type SAE 1020, or non-clad aluminium types SAE 7075-T6 or AZ5GU-T6 at a rate exceeding 6.25 millimetres per year at a test temperature of 55 degrees Celsius.

8.2A—Substances that are corrosive to dermal tissue

A substance for which data indicate irreversible destruction of dermal tissue, which destruction is visible necrosis through the epidermis and into the dermis, within 1 hour following exposure to the substance for less than or equal to 3 minutes in greater than or equal to 33% of exposures as a result of exposure to the substance.

8.2B—Substances that are corrosive to dermal tissue

A substance for which data indicate irreversible destruction of dermal tissue, which destruction is visible necrosis through the epidermis and into the dermis, within 14 days following exposure to the substance for greater than 3 minutes, but not more than 1 hour, in greater than or equal to 33% of exposures as a result of exposure to the substance.

8.2C—Substances that are corrosive to dermal tissue

A substance for which data indicate irreversible destruction of dermal tissue, which destruction is visible necrosis through the epidermis and into the dermis, within 14 days following exposure to the substance for greater than 1 hour, but not more than 4 hours, in greater than or equal to 33% of exposures as a result of exposure to the substance.

8.3A—Substances that are corrosive to ocular tissue

• (a) a substance for which data indicate evidence in at least 33% of exposures of destruction of ocular tissue, being adverse effects on the cornea, iris, or conjunctiva as a result of exposure to the substance that are not expected to reverse or have not fully reversed within 21 days of exposure to the substance; or

• (b) a substance for which data indicate a mean Draize score greater than or equal to 3 for corneal opacity as a result of exposure to the substance; or

• (c) a substance for which data indicate a mean Draize score greater than 1.5 for iritis as a result of exposure to the substance.

9.1A—Substances that are very ecotoxic in the aquatic environment

A substance for which data indicate an acute aquatic ecotoxicity value less than or equal to 1 milligram of the substance per litre of water.

9.1B—Substances that are ecotoxic in the aquatic environment

Unless the chronic aquatic ecotoxicity value is greater than 1 milligram of the substance per litre of water, a substance—

• (a) for which data indicate an acute aquatic ecotoxicity value greater than 1 milligram, but less than or equal to 10 milligrams, of the substance per litre of water; and

• (b) that is not rapidly degradable or is bioaccumulative, or is not rapidly degradable and is bioaccumulative.

9.1C—Substances that are harmful in the aquatic environment

Unless the chronic aquatic ecotoxicity value is greater than 1 milligram of the substance per litre of water, a substance—

• (a) for which data indicate an acute aquatic ecotoxicity value greater than 10 milligrams, but less than or equal to 100 milligrams, of the substance per litre of water; and

• (b) that is not rapidly degradable or is bioaccumulative, or is not rapidly degradable and is bioaccumulative.

9.1D—Substances that are slightly harmful to the aquatic environment or are otherwise designed for biocidal action

• (a) a substance for which data indicate that—

  • (i) the acute aquatic ecotoxicity value is greater than 1 milligram per litre of water but less than or equal to 100 milligrams of the substance per litre of water, but does not meet the criteria for hazard classification 9.1B or 9.1C; or

  • (ii) the chronic aquatic ecotoxicity value is less than or equal to 1 milligram of the substance per litre of water, but does not meet the criteria for hazard classification 9.1A, 9.1B, or 9.1C; or

• (b) a substance that is designed for biocidal action, other than a substance that is designed for biocidal action against a virus, protozoan, bacterium, or an internal organism in humans or in other vertebrates, but does not meet the criteria for any hazard classification in class 9 other than 9.1D; or

• (c) a substance that is not rapidly degradable and that is bioaccumulative unless the chronic aquatic ecotoxicity value is greater than 1 milligram of the substance per litre of water, but does not meet the criteria for hazard classifications 9.1A, 9.1B, or 9.1C.

9.2A—Substances that are very ecotoxic in the soil environment

A substance for which data indicate a soil ecotoxicity value less than or equal to 1 milligram of the substance per kilogram dry weight of soil.

9.2B—Substances that are ecotoxic in the soil environment

A substance for which data indicate a soil ecotoxicity value greater than 1 milligram, but less than or equal to 10 milligrams, of the substance per kilogram dry weight of soil.

9.2C—Substances that are harmful in the soil environment

A substance for which data indicate a soil ecotoxicity value greater than 10 milligrams, but less than or equal to 100 milligrams, of the substance per kilogram dry weight of soil, where the soil DT₅₀ is greater than 30 days.

9.2D—Substances that are slightly harmful in the soil environment

A substance for which data indicate a soil ecotoxicity value greater than 10 milligrams, but less than or equal to 100 milligrams, of the substance per kilogram dry weight of soil, where the soil DT₅₀ is less than or equal to 30 days.

9.3A—Substances that are very ecotoxic to terrestrial vertebrates

• (a) a substance for which data indicate an acute avian or mammalian oral or dermal LD₅₀ less than or equal to 50 milligrams of the substance per kilogram of bodyweight; or

• (b) a substance for which data indicate an acute avian or mammalian LC₅₀ less than or equal to 500 parts per million of the substance in the diet.

9.3B—Substances that are ecotoxic to terrestrial vertebrates

• (a) a substance for which data indicate an acute avian or mammalian oral or dermal LD₅₀ greater than 50 milligrams, but less than or equal to 500 milligrams, of the substance per kilogram of bodyweight; or

• (b) a substance for which data indicate an acute avian or mammalian LC₅₀ greater than 500 parts per million, but less than or equal to 1 000 parts per million, of the substance in the diet.

9.3C—Substances that are harmful to terrestrial vertebrates

• (a) a substance for which data indicate an acute avian or mammalian oral or dermal LD₅₀ greater than 500 milligrams, but less than or equal to 2 000 milligrams, of the substance per kilogram of bodyweight; or

• (b) a substance for which data indicate an acute avian or mammalian LC₅₀ greater than 1 000 parts per million, but less than or equal to 5 000 parts per million, of the substance in the diet; or

• (c) a substance for which data indicate a chronic avian or mammalian MATC of less than 100 parts per million of the substance in the diet, but does not meet the criteria for hazard classification 9.3A or 9.3B.

9.4A—Substances that are very ecotoxic to terrestrial invertebrates

A substance for which data indicate a contact or oral LD₅₀ less than 2 micrograms of substance per terrestrial invertebrate.

9.4B—Substances that are ecotoxic to terrestrial invertebrates

A substance for which data indicate a contact or oral LD₅₀ greater than or equal to 2 micrograms, but less than 11 micrograms, of substance per terrestrial invertebrate.

9.4C—Substances that are harmful to terrestrial invertebrates

A substance for which data indicate a contact or oral LD₅₀ greater than or equal to 11 micrograms, but less than or equal to 25 micrograms, of substance per terrestrial invertebrate.